Wang Shengquan, Gao Yuan, Luo Mingjin. What Drives Income Inequality? Bayesian Evidence from the Emerging Market Economies. Journal of Applied Economics, 2023, 26(1): 2237692. https://doi.org/10.1080/15140326.2023.2237692.
论文简介
What drives income inequality in emerging market economies? To end it, we approach this topic utilizing Bayesian model averaging and 27 emerging market economies panel dataset from 1990 to 2019. First, differently, we find a U-shaped Kuznets curve in emerging market economies rather than the notable inverted U-shaped curve. Besides, we find four strictly robust determinants of income inequality in emerging market economies, including the population aging, the female labor force participation, the unemployment level and the share of labor compensation in output. These results remain stable through a series of robustness checks. In most cases, the government expenditure and real exchange rate could also robustly drive the dynamics of income inequality in emerging market economies. Further, a comparative analysis suggests that financial development, inflation, human capital condition, total factor productivity and urbanization are distinct determinants of income inequality in the market economies.
是什么导致了新兴市场经济体的收入不平等？我们利用贝叶斯模型平均和1990年至2019年的27个新兴市场经济体面板数据集来探讨这个话题。首先，不同的是，我们发现新兴市场经济体的库兹涅茨曲线呈U型，而不是明显的倒U型曲线。此外，我们发现新兴市场经济体收入不平等的四个严格稳健的决定因素，包括人口老龄化、女性劳动力参与率、失业率水平和劳动报酬在产出中的份额。通过一系列稳健性检查，这些结果保持稳定。在大多数情况下，政府支出和实际汇率也可能有力地推动新兴市场经济体收入不平等的动态。此外，一项比较分析表明，金融发展、通胀、人力资本状况、全要素生产率和城市化是市场经济体收入不平等的明显决定因素。